Our journal enforces rigorous standards to guard against plagiarism, copyright breaches, and unethical publication practices. Every submitted manuscript is screened with plagiarism detection tools to verify originality and proper citation. The journal also commits to examining any reported concerns regarding plagiarism or misuse of published work.

Where evidence shows that a manuscript contains copied material, unauthorized copyrighted content, inaccurate source acknowledgment, or authorship conflicts, appropriate action will be taken. Possible measures include retracting the article, issuing a correction notice, or informing relevant institutional authorities for further review.