INDIVISIBLE SECURITY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN THE SADC REGION: ASSESSING STABILITY AND COOPERATION AMONG THE DRC, RWANDA, AND UGANDA

Abstract

This study investigates the relationship between indivisible security and sustainable development in the Southern African Development Community (SADC), with a particular emphasis on the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Rwanda, and Uganda. The aim of this study is to determine how security cooperation and regional stability affect sustainable development efforts. Given the ongoing hostilities, crossborder tensions, and geopolitical rivalries between these countries, establishing a common security framework remains difficult. The research is based on regional security complex theory (RSCT) and the human security paradigm, which emphasize the interdependence of national and regional security, as well as the consequences for economic growth and development. The study addresses the following essential research questions: (1) How do security dynamics in the DRC, Rwanda, and Uganda affect regional stability? (2) What procedures exist in SADC to enhance indivisible security? (3) What role does security cooperation play in promoting long-term regional development? The findings indicate that, while bilateral and international security initiatives exist, historical grievances, resource competition, and political mistrust impede complete collaboration. Nonetheless, initiatives such as combined military operations and commercial agreements have demonstrated the capacity to reduce hostilities. The study adopts a qualitative technique, combining case studies, and policy analysis to provide a thorough evaluation. The study advances scholarship by linking security and development studies, emphasizing the importance of a comprehensive approach to peace and economic stability. Recommendations include increasing regional diplomatic involvement, promoting inclusive economic projects, and expanding SADC's role in conflict resolution. Addressing security holistically is critical to promoting long-term peace and sustainable development in the region.