Our journal upholds strict standards against copyright infringement, plagiarism and any other violations of ethical publication practices. Each submitted article undergoes thorough screening using plagiarism detection software, such as Turnitin, to ensure originality and adherence to ethical writing practices. We are committed to thoroughly investigating any allegations of plagiarism or misuse of published articles.

Should a submitted article be found to have plagiarized another work, included third-party copyrighted material without proper authorization, inadequately acknowledged sources, or if there are disputes regarding authorship, we reserve the right to take decisive actions, which may include, but are not limited to:

• Retracting the Article: If plagiarism or copyright infringement is confirmed, we will retract the article from publication.
• Publishing a Correction: A correction notice may be issued to rectify any inaccuracies or improper attributions.
• Reporting to Authorities: We reserve the right to report such cases to the head of department, dean of the author’s institution, relevant academic bodies, or societies for further investigation and action.