MARRIAGE, SEXUALITY, AND CULTURAL NORMS IN INDIGENOUS NIGERIAN FILMS: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF YORUBA, HAUSA, AND IGBO CINEMA

Abstract

This paper explores the representation of marriage and sexuality in indigenous Nigerian films, examining how cultural norms, gender roles, and societal expectations shape portrayals. Using qualitative content analysis, three films, Jenifa (Yoruba), Sangaya (Hausa), and Living in Bondage (Igbo), were analysed for recurring themes related to marital duty, sexual morality, gender expectations, and the influence of economic factors on intimacy. The study found that marriage is predominantly depicted as a social obligation, with sexual behaviour framed within moral and religious boundaries. Gender double standards are evident, with women’s sexual autonomy more heavily policed than men’s. Economic pressures also influence marital and sexual dynamics, highlighting the intersection of socio-economic realities and cultural norms. While minor progressive shifts, such as negotiation and communication between partners, were observed, the dominant narratives reinforced traditional patriarchal structures. Interpreted through Social Learning and Cultivation theories, these films function as cultural models that both reflect and perpetuate societal norms. The study concludes that indigenous Nigerian films are not only entertainment but also pedagogical tools that sustain prevailing attitudes toward marriage and sexuality.